{"id":9859,"date":"2026-09-03T13:31:50","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T11:31:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/onsedi.com\/?p=9859"},"modified":"2026-09-03T13:31:52","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T11:31:52","slug":"falso-patrimonio-entre-la-ampliacion-arquitectonica-y-la-conservacion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/onsedi.com\/en\/falso-patrimonio-entre-la-ampliacion-arquitectonica-y-la-conservacion\/","title":{"rendered":"Falso Patrimonio: entre la ampliaci\u00f3n arquitect\u00f3nica y la conservaci\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

En muchas ciudades espa\u00f1olas la normativa permite completar el volumen del edificio cuando \u00e9ste es inferior al del resto de los edificios de la misma manzana.
Ello suele implicar la ampliaci\u00f3n de la altura de su fachada, aunque \u00e9sta est\u00e9 protegida como bien de inter\u00e9s ambiental. Es lo que se ha venido en llamar \u201cobra de ampliaci\u00f3n en altura o levante<\/em>\u201d.
El resultado, suele seguir teniendo protecci\u00f3n ambiental, aunque una parte de la fachada ya no tenga valor patrimonial.
En mi opini\u00f3n, el resultado de esta actuaci\u00f3n se podr\u00eda calificar como \u201cFalso Patrimonio<\/em>\u201d, como una extensi\u00f3n conceptual del \u201cFalso Hist\u00f3rico<\/em>\u201d de Cesare Brandi (1906-1988), y del \u201cFalso Arquitect\u00f3nico<\/em>\u201d de Antonio Gonz\u00e1lez Moreno-Navarro\u00b9<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Me explico:
a. Normas y recomendaciones urban\u00edsticas<\/strong>
Si echamos una ojeada a las normas urban\u00edsticas, las fachadas protegidas suelen estar afectadas por un Nivel de protecci\u00f3n ambiental<\/strong>, \u201cCuando se protegen los valores de la fachada de un edificio por su integraci\u00f3n en el ambiente de la ciudad, como elemento que contribuye a la comprensi\u00f3n global del paisaje urbano, o como posible ejemplo ilustrativo aislado del car\u00e1cter que hist\u00f3ricamente cualificaba el entorno en el que se ubica\u2026\u201d\u00b2<\/strong><\/em>
Por otra parte, cuando se permiten obras de ampliaci\u00f3n (\u201clevante\u201d de una fachada), se suele especificar que \u201cSu materializaci\u00f3n en cuanto a composici\u00f3n, sistemas constructivos y materiales deber\u00e1 evitar falsos hist\u00f3ricos\u201d\u00b3<\/strong><\/strong><\/em>. En este sentido, es recomendable que:
o El levante tenga un lenguaje arquitect\u00f3nico propio<\/em>, en su composici\u00f3n, acabados y materiales, con un car\u00e1cter neutro y contempor\u00e1neo, para marcar una clara diferenciaci\u00f3n entre el nuevo cuerpo de edificaci\u00f3n y la fachada protegida del edificio que se mantiene.
o La fachada del nuevo volumen de ampliaci\u00f3n se retranquee de forma sustancial<\/em>, para diferenciarse de la fachada original del edificio catalogado, que ha de mantenerse al tratarse de un elemento de restauraci\u00f3n obligatoria.\u2074<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


De estas normas y recomendaciones me interesa destacar, especialmente, el \u201cretranqueo sustancial<\/strong>\u201d con respecto al plano exterior de la fachada, que tiene por objeto fundamental el que se aprecie claramente la l\u00ednea de cornisa original de la
fachada, para que no se altere la imagen original de la misma ni su \u201cvalor ambiental\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


b. Realizaciones de \u201clevante\u201d<\/strong>
A pesar de estas normas y recomendaciones sobre la forma correcta de realizar este \u201clevante\u201d teniendo en cuenta el objetivo de \u201cprotecci\u00f3n ambiental\u201d, sin embargo, nos encontramos frecuentemente con realizaciones que se alejan de los objetivos iniciales, incluso sin respetar la normativa. Incluyo unas fotos representativas de ello (fotos 1, 2 y 3).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Mimetismo y falta de
retranqueo con alteraci\u00f3n de la
cornisa original<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
Falta de
retranqueo y consiguiente
cambio de la imagen de la
fachada protegida<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"
Mimetismo,
falta de retranqueo y
falta de respeto a la
modulaci\u00f3n de huecos<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

En los tres casos, se ha perdido la l\u00ednea de cornisa original y, por tanto, la imagen de la fachada protegida, que pasa a formar parte de una nueva fachada, con imagen y cornisa modificadas. Se pierde tambi\u00e9n la comprensi\u00f3n global del paisaje urbano, resultando as\u00ed in\u00fatil la \u201cprotecci\u00f3n ambiental\u201d que afectaba a la fachada original.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

c. Falso patrimonio<\/strong>
Estas ampliaciones con \u201clevante\u201d, sin respetar la normativa y las recomendaciones, especialmente la del retranqueo, introducen una alteraci\u00f3n sustancial en la imagen de la fachada como elemento patrimonial, transform\u00e1ndolo en un nuevo elemento arquitect\u00f3nico (nueva fachada) que, no obstante, sigue teniendo alg\u00fan tipo de protecci\u00f3n patrimonial-ambiental, aunque una parte importante no se pueda considerar con valor patrimonial real. De ah\u00ed, el calificativo que propongo de Falso Patrimonio.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

d. Conclusi\u00f3n<\/strong>
Para tratar de evitar estas deformaciones patrimoniales, creo que la supervisi\u00f3n por parte de las correspondientes Comisiones de Patrimonio, de las condiciones indicadas en las normas, debe ser m\u00e1s estricta, especialmente en lo que se refiere al retranqueo y, quiz\u00e1s, no tanto a la diferenciaci\u00f3n arquitect\u00f3nica.
En efecto, entiendo que el retranqueo deber\u00eda ser tal que la visi\u00f3n de la fachada desde el punto m\u00e1s alejado en la perpendicular a la misma (\u201cacera de enfrente\u201d), dejara percibir la l\u00ednea de cornisa de la fachada original, para mantener la imagen protegida de la fachada y la comprensi\u00f3n del paisaje urbano definido por la misma.
Probablemente, estar\u00edamos hablando de retranqueos de 3 m o m\u00e1s, en funci\u00f3n del ancho de la calle. Entonces, quiz\u00e1s la \u201cdiferenciaci\u00f3n arquitect\u00f3nica\u201d de la ampliaci\u00f3n, no ser\u00eda tan importante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b9<\/strong> Antonio Gonz\u00e1lez Moreno-Navarro; \u201cFalso hist\u00f3rico o falso arquitect\u00f3nico, cuesti\u00f3n de identidad\u201d. Logia 1996
\u00b2<\/strong> Art\u00edculo 4.3.4 Niveles de protecci\u00f3n, de las Normas Urban\u00edsticas del PGOU de Madrid
\u00b3<\/strong> Art\u00edculo 4.3.9 Condiciones de car\u00e1cter general, de las Normas Urban\u00edsticas del PGOU de Madrid
\u2074\u00a0<\/strong>Criterios generales de la CPPHAN de Madrid<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Juan Monjo Carri\u00f3<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dr. Arquitecto, Profesor Em\u00e9rito en la Escuela T. S. de Arquitectura, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid. Premio al mejor libro de texto de la Fundaci\u00f3n General de la UPM (Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid \u2013 1995).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En muchas ciudades espa\u00f1olas la normativa permite completar el volumen del edificio cuando \u00e9ste es inferior al del resto de los edificios de la misma manzana.Ello suele implicar la ampliaci\u00f3n de la altura de su fachada, aunque \u00e9sta est\u00e9 protegida como bien de inter\u00e9s ambiental. Es lo que se ha venido en llamar \u201cobra de…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":9874,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[136,1],"tags":[16,12,14,15],"class_list":["post-9859","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-expertos","category-sin-categoria","tag-edificio","tag-rehabilitacion-de-edificios","tag-sensedi","tag-servicios-tecnicos"],"yoast_head":"\nFalso Patrimonio: entre la ampliaci\u00f3n arquitect\u00f3nica y la conservaci\u00f3n - onSedi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/onsedi.com\/falso-patrimonio-entre-la-ampliacion-arquitectonica-y-la-conservacion\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Falso Patrimonio: entre la ampliaci\u00f3n arquitect\u00f3nica y la conservaci\u00f3n - onSedi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En muchas ciudades espa\u00f1olas la normativa permite completar el volumen del edificio cuando \u00e9ste es inferior al del resto de los edificios de la misma manzana.Ello suele implicar la ampliaci\u00f3n de la altura de su fachada, aunque \u00e9sta est\u00e9 protegida como bien de inter\u00e9s ambiental. 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